Controller for electrically-propelled vehicles.



No. 849,749. PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

, J. s. RAWORTH. v GONTROLLER FOR ELEOTRIGALLY PROPELLED VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1906.

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C/ f fornig/s No. 849,749. L PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

' J. S. RAWORTH. CONTROLLER FOR ELEGTRIGALLY PROPELLED VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1906.

' SSHEEIS-SHEET 2.

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No. 849,749. PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

v J. s. RAWORTH. CONTROLLER FOR-ELEGTRIGALLY PROPELLED VEHICLES,

APPLICATION FILED 3111.25, 1906.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2,v

JL/m JWM 2; word No. 849,749. PATENTED APR. 9, 1907. J. s. RAWORTH.

CONTROLLER FOR ELEGTRIGALLY PROPELLED VEHICLES. APPLICATION TILED JAN.25, 1996.-

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No. 849,749. PATENTED APR. 9, 1907.

' J. S. RAWORTH.

CONTROLLER FOR ELEGTRIGALLY PROPELLED VEHICLES.

R APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1906 K mm,

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llTED STATES PATENT @FFTCE GONTROLLER FOR ELECTRlCALLY-PFIOPELLEDVEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Eatentecl April 9, 1907.

Application filed January 25, 1906. Serial Na 297,814.

To ctZZ whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JOHN SMITH RAwoRTH, a subject of the King of GreatBritain and Ireland, residing at Streatham, in the county of Surrey,England, have invented new and useful Improvements in Controllers forElectrically-Propelled Vehicles, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention is for an improved controller combined with anarrangement of circuits, resistances, and field-windings, some parts ofwhich have been described in the specification of prior Letters Patent,No. 774,494, dated November 8, 1904, granted to me.

In the improved controller, the subject of this invention, the arbor isvertical, as is usual in controllers at present existing in connectionwith electric. tram-cars, and the fixed and moving contacts and magneticblow-outs are also similar.

The field-magnets ofthe motors are compound wound that is to say, thereis a shunt or separately-excited circuit and there is a series circuit,the latter being used when the motors are in parallel to balance theload between the motors, and it may be arranged with resistances inparallel under the above conditions, the resistances being cut out whenthe series field is used in connection with the emergency or brakingcircuit.

The principal feature of this improved controller is to make changesfrom motors in series to motors in parallel, and vice versa, though itmay be used in a simpler form for motors which are designed to workalways in series or always in parallel.

The operation of changing from series to parallel involves a cycle ofoperations, as follows: (a) The armature-circuit is broken; (1)) thefield strength is increased approximately as one to two; (0) aresistance is inserted in the armature-circuit in the interval whichoccurs while the motors are being changed from series to parallel (d)the parallel connections are made; (0) the resistance aforesaid is cutout.

In changing back from parallel to series the following operations arenecessary: (a) The armature-circuits are broken; (1)) the field-currentis reduced sufficiently to give a field strength of one-half orthereabout; (0) a resistance is inserted in the armature-circuit; butthis resistance is considerably greater than that described above asnecessary when going into parallel; (d) the series connections are made(6) the resistance aforesaid is cut out. The peculiarity of these cyclesis that they are not reversible. Moreover, the resistance inserted ingoing into series must be greater than when going into parallel. Thesechanges in the sequence of the operations are preferably brought aboutby the employment of a floating ring or rings on the controller-b arrel,which ring or rin 's will hang back when the barrel is moved in eitherdirection, but will be picked up and moved with the barrel after acertain interval. By this ,means the sequence of events in the forwardand backward cycles is altered. The sequence may be altered by othermeans, though not so simply.

The field-contacts are carried on the same barrel as the power-contacts,but insulated therefrom. They may, if desired, be carried on a separatebarrel geared with the powerbarrel, and in such case the gearing may beeither plain spur or it may be made more or less intermittent, so as tointroduce periods of rest between periods of motion.

The controller is fitted with a reversingbarrel, by means of'which allthe changes in the connections of the motors for forward or backwardmotion are made; but these connections are not the same as in theordinary series-parallel controller for series wound motors. Theshunt-field is unaffected by the reversing-switch, the armatures arereversed, and the series fields are dissociated from the armatures andagain associated so as to maintain the same polarity as before.

In operating the controller the .series of operations is as follows:

F0rward.0, all off 1, shunt-field excited, resistance in circuit,armatures short-circuited through resistance; 2, shunt-field excited,less resistance in circuit, armatures short-circuited throughresistance; 3, shuntfield excited, less resistance in circuit, armaturesshort-circuited through resistance; 4, shunt-field excited, lessresistance in circuit, armatures short-circuited thro ugh resistance 5,shunt-field fully excited, armatures shortcircuited through resistance;6, shunt-field fully excited, armatures in series with resistance inpower-circuit; 7, shunt-field fully excited, armatures in series withless resistance in power-circuit; 8, shunt-field fully excited,armatures in series with less resistance in power-circuit; 9,shunt-field fully excited, armatures in series in powercircuit, (noresistance 10, resistance inserted in sistance inserted in shuntfield-circuit, armatures in series in power-circuit, (no resistance;)12, more resistance inserted. in shunt tiehl-circuit, armatures inseries in powercircuit, (no resistance;) 13, more resistance inserted inshunt field-circuit, armatures in series in. power-circuit, (noresistance,) 14, no change in connections; 15, armaturesopGl'l-Cil'GUitGtl and full shunt-field restored; 16, shunt-field tullyexcited, armatures in series with their series 'l'ield-wimlings and inparallel with one another, resistance in power-circuit; 17, shunt-heldfully excited, armatures in series with their series lieldwindings and.in parallel with one another, no resistance in power-circuit, 18,resistance inu s s s l 1 serted 1n shunt held-circuit, arinatures inseries with their series 'lield-wiiulings and in parallel with oneanother, no resistance in circuit; 19, more resistance inserted in shuntiieldcircuit, armatures in. series with their series 'l'ield-windingsand. in parallel with one another, no resistance in. power-circuit.

Bac7cwm'd.1, resistance in shunt '[ieldcircuit, armatures in series withtheir series field-findings and in parallel with one another, noresistance in power-circuit; 2, less resistance in shunt-held. circuit,armatures in series with their series field-windings and in parallelwith one another, no resistance in power-circuit; 3, slnmt-lield fullyexcited, armatures in series with their series field-windings and inparallel with one another, no resistance in power-circuit; 4, no changein connections; 5, armatures open-circuited, all resistance inserted inshunt field-circuit; 6, armatures in series with resistance inpowercircuit, shunt field-circuit as in 5; 7, armatures in series, noresistance in power-circuit, shunt field-circuit as in 5; 8, armaturesin series, no resistance in power-circuit, less resistance in shuntfield-circuit; 9, annatures in series, no resistance in. power-circuit,less resistance in shunt field-circuit; 10, armatures in series, noresistance in power-circuit, less resistance in shunt -field-circuit, 11, armatures in series, no resistance in powercircuit, shunt-field fullyexcited, 12, armatures in series with resistance in power-circuit,shunt-field. fully excited; 13, armatures in series with more resistancein power-circuit, shunt-field fully excited, 14-, armatures in serieswith more resistance in power-circuit, shunt-field fully excited; 15,armatures sl'iort-cireuited. through resistance, shuntlield tullyexcited; 16, resistance inserted in shunt held-circuit, armaturesshort-circuited through resistance; 17, more resistance inserted. inshunt held-circuit, a'rmatures shortcircuited through resistance; 18,more resistance inserted in shunt-"held circuit, armaturesshort-circuited through resistance; 19, more resistance inserted inshunt field-circuit, armatures short-circuited through resistance; 0,all oil.

In the tinal ot' position the controller may be arranged. so that themotor connections are open, or it it be desired to have an emergency orbraking etl'ect independent ol the power-supply then the motors are leftshort-circuited through the series held-windings; but in such case theseries lieldwind ing has more turns'in it than would be necessary merelytor balancing the load but the ampere-turns are reduced .in suchincreased field-windii'ig by shunt resistances placed in parallel with.the series field-windings, but these resistances are cut out when thecontroller is in the emergency or braking position. The emergency brakeis put in operation by reversing the relation of the armatures to thetields. This arrangement may also be used as a sketch to prevent runningbackward when ascending a grade by bringiug the controller-handle to theoil' position.

Figure 1, Fig. l, and Fig. 1' of the action:- panying drawings are adiagramma tic representation ol'- the circuits, resistances, andtield-wii'idings ot the motors and of the controllers on a tram-car inaccordance with this invention. Only the wiring ol the controller at oneend of the car is shown; but it will. be understood by those skilled inthe art to which this invention relates that a tramcar intended to becontrolled from either end is provided with a controller at each end.Fig. 2 is a plan ol the floating ring, and Fig 23 a cross-section on theline A B of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a plan ol the operating-arm oi thefloating ring. Figs. 5 and 6 show in detail the various circuitconnections between the armature and the hold windings ot the motors andthe resistances at the ditl'erent positions or notches on thecontroller. Fig. 5 shows the circuit connections when the controller ismoved from the oil to the on position, and. Fig. 6 the circuitconnections when the controller is moving from the on to the otlposition.

Let it be assumed that the ear is at rest. In this condition allconnection with the source of supply is broken, and the armatures may bein one of two conditionsi. 0., their connections are open or they areshortcircuited through the series field-wimlings. In the latter case theconnection oi the armatures with the series held-windings is such thatthe motors will act as generators, and therelore as brakes, should thetran'ncar start in a backward direction by reason of any circumstancenot under the control oi" the driver. The connections oi the motors toobtain this latter condition will be fully described hereafter.

First, let it be assumed that the controllerhandles have been so placedthat the motors will be connected up and have an emergency or brakingetl'ect. In this posi- ICO tion of the controller-handles all connectionwith line is broken, and the reversing-barrel is in such position thatthe relation ship of the armatures to the fields under normal runningconditions is reversed. The driver now receives the signal to start.However, before he can set the car in motion in a forward direction, hemust reverse the relationship of the armatures to the fields, and thishe does by moving the handle of the reversing-barrel from the backwardto the forward position. The armatures are now short-circuited through aresistance, as will be hereinafter explained. The driver next moves thehandle of the main barrel from the off position to position I. When themain barrel is moved to position I, the controller is connected with thesource of supplyi. e., the trolley-wire L, assuming the tram-car isworking over a route having an overhead equipmentby reason of the factthat a contact 1, carried by the main barrel, is moved onto a contact T,connected to the trolley. The contact 1 is the main or trolley contactand is always incontaet with the contact T during the time that thecontroller is connected with the trolley-wire L. The contact 1 isconnected electrically to a contact 2, that is carried by the mainbarrel, and is so placed as to be moved onto a contact SR at the sametime as the contact 1 is moved onto the contact T. The contact SR isconnected to the shunt field-windings of the motors, as also arecontacts SR SR", and SR and SR The contacts SR, SR SR, and SR controlresistances 87", SW, SW, and. 81 hen the main barrel is moved intoposition I, the field-circuit of the motors is closed and their magnetsare excited; but the field excitation is not great, as in this positionof the main barrel there is a consid erable amount of resistance(resistances s1" s1" 8'1" 81*) in the shunt field-circuit, as will beseen by tracing the circuit, which is as follows: from the trolley-wireLto the contact T and from contact T by the main contact 1 to contacts 2and SR. The contact SR is connected by a lead 3 with one terminal of theresistance 37" of the bank of resistances Sr 37" 87 87A. The circuit iscontinued through all the resistances 81" $1" 87' SW and.

from the terminal of the resistance Si" by a lead 4 and a lead 5 to oneterminal of the shunt field-windings SF SI through these windings andfrom the other terminal there-- of by leads 6, 7, and 8, contacts 9, 10,and 11 and lead 12 to earth. The contact 10 is car ried by thereversing-barrel of the controller, as are also contacts 79, 96, 27, 31,38, 47, and 54, hereinafter mentioned. To increase the excitation of theshunt-fields, the amount of resistance in circuit must be reduced. To dothis, the main barrel is moved through positions II to V. In moving themain barrel from position I to position II, the resistance field-circuitis gradually decreased.

81" is cut out of circuit or short-circuited. This is effected by acontact 13, carried by the main barrel and connected electrically to thecontact 2, and therefore to the main contact 1, being moved onto thecontact SR The contact SR is connected by a lead 3 with the terminalconnecting the resistances s1" and 81. In moving the main barrel fromposition II to position III the resistance sr is cut out of circuit orshort-circuited. This is effected. by a contact 14, carried by the mainbarrel and connected electrically to the contacts13 and 2, and thereforeto the main contact 1, being moved onto the contact SR. The contact SRis connected by a lead 3* with the terminal connecting the resistances31' and 873. In moving the main barrel fromposition III to position IVthe resistance ST3 is cut out of circuit or short-circuited. This isdone by a contact 15, carried by the main barrel and connectedelectrically to the contacts 1.4, 13, and 2, and therefore to the maincontact 1., being moved onto the contact SR. The contact SR is connectedby alead 3 with the terminal connecting the resistances 87" and 81". Inmoving the main barrel from position IV to position V the resistance 81'is cut out of circuit or short-circuited. This is effected by a contact16, carried by'the main barrel and connected electrically to thecontacts 15, 14, 13, and 2, and therefore to the main contact 1, beingmoved onto the contact SR The contact SR is connected by a lead 3 withthe lead 4. It will be seen that by moving the main barrel from positionI through positions II, III, and IV to position V the amount ofresistance in the shunt quently as the resistance is decreased thecurrent flowing through the shunt field-circuit, and therefore the fieldexcitation, is increased until the main barrel is moved into position V,in whicl'i position the shunt fieldcircuit and excitation are at amaximum. While the main barrel is moved through the several positionsdescribed, two contacts 43 44, connected electrically together andcarried by the main barrel, are moved onto contacts 41 42, respectively.These contacts 43 44 are of such length that they move over the contacts41. 42, respectively, until the main barrel is moving into position XIV.Also when the main barrel is moving from position III, two contacts 2122, trically together, are moved onto contacts R R respectively. Thefunction of the contacts 43 44 21 22 will appear hereafter; but it maybe here remarked that the contacts 31 32 form part of the floating ringor rings hereinbefore mentioned.

In moving the main barrel from position V to position VI the armatures,which up to the present have been short-circuited through a resistance,are placed in series with resistance connected. elec- Consein thepower-circuit. This placing of the armatures in circuit is ell'ected bya contact 1.7, carried by the main barrel and connected electrically tocontact 1., being moved onto a contact 18. The contact 18 is connectedby a lead 19 with the contact It. Contact is connected by a lead 20 withone terminal of a resistance 1'' of a bank of resistances 1. r 1' r. Theterminal connecting the resistances 1" r is connected by a lead 23 tothe contact R". The terimnal connecting the resistances r r connected bya lead. 59 to the contact It. The terminal connecting the resistances 1'r is connected by a lead to the contact R and the second terminal of theresistance 1" is connected to a lead 24; but, as has been stated, thecontacts 21 22 are at this time on contacts R R", and this being so theresistance r" is short-circuited. The armaturecireuit in position VI isas follows: from the trolley-wire L to the contact T and from thecontact T by the contacts 1., 17, and 18, lead 19, contacts R 2.1. 22R", lead 23 to andv through the resistances 1 r 0", leads 2 1 25,contacts 26 27, and. 28, lead 29, contacts 30 31 32, leads 33 3%, brushA11 armature No. brush AA, leads 36, contacts 37 38 39, lead. 40,contacts 11 43 44 42, lead 45, contacts 4:6 47 48, leads 49 50, brush A,armature No. 1, brush A, leads 51 52, contacts 53 5 K 55, lead 56 to theearthed lead 99. The armat'ure-circuit, which has been closed in themanner described, contains in position VI a considerable amount ofresistance. To increase the' speed 01" the motors, it is necessary toreduce the resistance in the armaturecircuit, and this resistance isshort-circuited in steps by moving the main barrel through positionsVII, VIII, and IX.

In i'noving the main barrel from position VI to position VII the iirststep of resistance t. 0., resistance r is short-circuited. This isaccomplished by two contacts 07 and 58, connected. electrically togetherand carried by the main barrel, being moved onto the contacts R and Rrespectively, and short-circuiting the resistance 1. Thearmature-circuit as far the contact R is now as explained with referenceto position VI. From the contact It the circuit is by lead 23,resistance 7", lead 59, contacts R 57 58 R lead 6%), resistance 1", lead24 to the earthed lead 99, as hereinbetore explained. In moving the mainbarrel from position VII to position VIII the second step of resistanceresistance r-is short-circuited. This is accomplished by a contact 61,connected electrically to contacts 58 57 and carried by the main barrel,being moved onto a contact 62. The contact 58 has when this position isreached been. moved oil contact R but the new connection maintains theshort circuit on resistance r and also short-circuits resistance r. Thearmature-circuit as far as contact It is as before explained withreference to positions VI and VII, and from contact R" the circuit is bycontacts 57 61 62, leads 63 25') contact 30 and to the earthed lead 99,as hereinbe'l ore explained. In moving the main barrel from positionVIII to position IX the third and last step of resistance i. 6.,resistance r is short-circuited. This is accomplished by a contact 22,that, together with a contact 21, forms part of the floating ringhereinbei'ore mentioned, being moved onto a contact 64. The contacts 2122 are connected electrically together and to the contact 21. Theconnection described shortcircuits the resistance r. The contact 6 1 isconnected. by a lead 65 to the contact R. The armature-circuit for thisninth position of the main barrel is as follows: from the trolley-wireI; to the contact R as hcrcinbefore described. with reference topositions VI, VII, and VIII. From the contact It the circuit is bycontacts 21 2] 22 64, lead 65, contacts It" 57 61 62, and then ashereinbefore explained with reference to position VIII. It will be seenthat so far resistance 1" has not been placed. in circuit with thearmatures when the power-circuit is closed. When position IX is reached,all the resistance has been taken out of the armature-circuit. Anincrease o'l speed can be brought about by reducing the strength of theshuntfields, which have been maintained iullycx cited from position V toposition IX by reason of the fact that contact 16 has been during themovements described in contact with the contact SR The reduction ol thestrength of the shunt-held is brought about by the insertion of theresistance s1" s1" 82* Sr" into the shunt field-circuit. This resistanceis introduced in steps and. in position X, XI, XII, and XIII of the mainbarrel. In moving the main barrel to position X the resistance Sr isagain inserted in circuit. This is accomplished by the contact 16 beingmoved oil the cont-act SR and a contact 15, connected electrically tocontact 1 and carried by the main barrel, being moved onto the contactSE. The shunt-held. circuit is then as described with reference toposition IV. In moving the main barrel to position XI a contact 1%" ismoved onto the contact SR. Resistances 82'' 81'' are thus placed incircuit. In moving the main barrel to position XII a contact 1? is movedonto the contact SR Resistances 81'' s1 82''" are thus placed incircuit, and in moving the main barrel to position XIII a contact 2moved onto the contact SR. Resistanccs sr" sr" s)" 81" are thus placedin circuit. Contacts 14 13 2 are connected. electrically to contact 1and are carried by the main barrel. In moving the main barrel toposition XIV no change in the connections is made. In posi tions XIIIand XIV the motors are running at their maximum speed as shunt-machines.In moving the main barrel to position XV IIO the first set of operationsnecessary for placing the armatures in series with their seriesfield-windings and in parallel with one an other is entered upon. Up tothe present the motors have been simple shunt-machines; but when placedin parallel they are converted into compound wound machines. When themain barrel is moved into position XV, the shunt field is restored tofull strength and the armature-circuit is broken. This is done by thecontact 2 moving off the contact SR and a contact 66, electricallyconnected to contact 1 and carried by the main barrel, moving onto thecontact SR at the same time the contacts 17 61 57 43 44 21. 22 22' moveoff the contacts 18 62 R 41 42 R R 64, respectively. In moving toposition XVI the armature circuit is again closed, the armatures beingplaced in parallel with one another and in series with their se riesfield-windings, resistance being at the same time placed in circuit.This series of operations is effected by contacts 67,- 68, 69, 70, 71,72, 73, 21, and 22 moving onto contacts 18, 62, R 74, 41, 76, 77, R andR The contact 67 is connected electrically to contact 1, and contacts 68and 69, and 71, 72 and 7 3, and 42 and 76 connected together. Thearmature-circuits for this parallel connection are now as follows: fromthe trolleywire L to contact 1 and from contact 1, by contacts 67 18,lead 19, contacts R 21 22 It, lead 23, resistance 1", lead 59, contactsR 69 68 62, leads 63 29, to contact 30. At 0011- tact 30 two paths areopen for the current. The one path is through armature No. 1, and theother path is through armature No. 2, The path through armature No. 2 isas fol. lows: from contact 30, by contacts 31 32, leads 33 34, brush AAarmature No. 2, brush AA, leads 35 36, contacts 37 38 39, lead 40,contacts 41 71 7O 74, lead 75, con tacts 78 79 80, leads 81 82, to theterminal of the series field-windings FF FF. At this terminal two pathsare open for the current. The one path is through resistance r r inparallel with the series field-windings FF FF, lead 83, contacts 84 86to earth, and the other path is through the series fieldwindings toearth. The contact 86, as is also a contact 88, hereafter referred to,is carried by the main barrel or an extension thereof, and thesecontacts 86 88 are so arranged as to span the contacts 84 and 85 and 87and 89, respectively, during the time the motors are in parallel. Thepath through armature No. 1 is as follows: from lead 29, by the contacts28 27 26, leads 25 24, to the terminal of the series field-winding F F.At this terminal two paths are open for the current. The one path isthrough resistance r r in parallel with the series field-windings F F,lead 86, contacts 87 88 89 to lead 92, and the other path is through theseries fieldwindings F F, by leads 93 94, contacts 96 97 to lead 92,where the current unites with that which has passed through theresistances r 1". From lead 92 the circuit is by contacts 77 73 7276-42, lead 45, contacts 46 47 48, leads 4.9 50, brush A armature No. 1,brush A, leads 51 52, contacts 53 54 55, and lead 56 to earth. Fromwhathas been said it will be seen that one terminal of resistance 1" andone terminal of resistances r r and series field-windings F F are allconnected to one and the same lead 24 and that this lead 24 as also lead25 and contacts 26 27 28 serve for two different circuits. 5'

The motors having now been placed in parallel, the next step is toreduce the resistance in the armature-circuit. This is done in movingthe main barrel to position XVII. In moving to this position the contact22 is moved onto contact 64. The resistance r is thus short-circuited.The armatures in this position are in series with their seriesfieldwindings and in parallel with one another, no resistance being incircuit. To increase further the speed of the motors, resistance isinserted in the shunt field-circuit, the armatures being maintained inseries with their series field-windings and in parallel with oneanother. The insertion of the shunt field resistance is done in twosteps. In moving the main barrel to position XVIII a contact 98, 9

connected electrically to the contact 1 and. carried by the main barrel,is moved onto the contact SR thus inserting resistance sr In moving themain barrel to position XIX a contact 99, connected electrically to thecontact 1 and carried by the main barrel, is moved onto the contact SRthus inserting resistance 8T3.

In position XIX the main barrel is at the end of its movement. To retardthe tram car, it is necessary to move the main barrel in a reversedirection. In moving the main barrel from position RI to position RIIresistance is taken out of the shunt field-circuit. This is done by thecontact 99 moving off the contact SR and the contact 98 onto the contactSR In moving the main barrel to position RIII further resistance istaken out of the shunt field-circuit. This is done by the contact 98moving off the contact SR and the contact 66 onto the contact SR Theshunt-fields are now fully excited and are so maintained when the mainbarrel is moved into position RIV. In moving the main barrel to thisposition no change in the connections is made; but in moving it toposition RV the parallel connections are broken. This is done by thecontacts 67 68 69 7O 71 72 73 moving off the contacts 18 62 R 74 41 7677, respectively. At the same time the strength of the shuntfields isreduced by the contact 66 moving oil the contact SR and the contact 2onto the contact SR, thus placing all the resistances 81" 87'2 sr 81''in circuit. In moving the main barrel to position RVI the seriesconnections tivelv.

are remadet'. 0., the armatures are placed in series and withresist aneein. th pmver-circuit. This is etl'ected by the contacts 17 61 57 43 44moving onto contacts 18 62 it 41 42, and. at the same time theresistance is inserted in circuit by the contacts 21 22 22 moving oil'the contacts R R 64. This resistance com.- prises the resistances r" 1".It will be seen that the resistance placed in circuit when the motorsare placed in series is greater than the resistance placed in circuitwhen the motors are placed in parallel. In moving the main barrel toposition RVII the resistances 1'' 7* are short-circuited. This is due tothe fact that the contacts 21., 22, and 22" are moved onto the contacts1t, 1t, and 64, respec- In moving the main barrel through positionsRVIII, RIX, RX, and ltXI the excitation ol the shunt-fields is increasedat each position as resistance is short-circuited by contacts 13, 14,15", and 16 being moved onto contacts SR, SR, SR, and SR" respectively.In positions RV II, RV III, ltIX, RX, and RXI there is no resistance inthe armattire-circuit. In moving the main barrel through positionsvHXII, HXIII, and .RXIV resistance is inserted in the armaturecircuitt.(2., in moving through position RXII the contact 22 moves oil thecontact 64, and so places resistance r in circuit. In. moving toposition RXIII the contact 61 moves 011' the contact 62 and the contact58 moves onto the contact R and so places resistancesr r in circuit, andin moving to position RXIV the contacts 58 57 move oil the contacts ItR, and so place the resistances 1" r in circuit. In moving the mainbarrel from position RXI V to position RXV the armature-circuit isbroken as contact 17 is moved oil the contact 18. During this movementthe armatures are short-circuited through resistances r This connectionis e tleeted by two contacts 100 101., connected electrically togetherand carried. by the main barrel. These contacts 100 101 are in positionRXIV moved onto a contact E, connected to the earthed lead 99, and tothe contact It. The circuit for this connection, starting from brush AA,is as follows: brush AA, leads 35 36, contacts 37 38 39, lead 40,contacts 41 43 44 42, lead 45, contacts 46 47 48, leads 49 50, brush Aarmature .Xo. 1,

brush A, leads 51 52, contacts 54 55, lead. 56, contacts E 100 101 R,lead 59, resistances 1* 1", leads 24 25, contacts 26 27 28, lead 29,contacts 30 31 32, leads 33 34., brush. AA, armature No. 2. In movingthe main barrel to and through positions RXVI RXVII RXYIII IRXIXresistance is gradually inserted inv the shunt field-circuit by contacts16 1.5 14 13 moving over the contacts SR SR SW" SW, respectively. Inposition RXIX the contact 2 is on contact SR and all resistance 8/" ser" sr is in circuit.

In the final ofi position all connection of the motors with thetrolley-wire L is broken as contacts 1 101 100 43 44 move ofi' contactsT R E 41 42. Contacts 21 22 have already moved oil contacts R R"; buttheir movement has had no effect upon the armature short circuit. As itis desired to have an emergency or braking efiect when the main. barrelis in the oil position, the contacts 68 69 70 71 72 73 are made of sucha length that they come again into contact with the contacts 62 It 74 4176 77 when the main barrel is in the final oil position but to move themain barrel into the final oll' position will not give the emergency orbraking e'tl'ect. To obtain the emergency or braking ell'ect, it isnecessary to reverse the relationship of the armatures to the fields.This is done by moving the reversing-barrel so that a second set ofcontacts 54 54 47 47 38 38" 51 31" 27 96" 79 10" come into contact withcontacts 55 53 48 46 39 37 52 3O, 28 and 26, 97 and 95, 78 and 80, and 9and 1.1., respectiwwly. The circuit is now as follows: from seriesfield-windings FF FF by leads S2 81, contacts 80 79 78, lead 75,contacts 74 70 71 41, lead 40, contacts 39 3S 31 32, leads 33 3 brushAA, armature N o. 2, brush AA, leads 35 36, contacts 37 38" 31 30, lead29, contacts 28 27 26, leads 25 24, series field-windings F F, leads 9394, contacts 95 96 97, lead 92, contacts 77 73 72 76, lead 45, contacts46 47" 54 53, leads F2 51, brush A, armature No. 1, brush A leads 50 49,contacts 48 47 54? 55, and leads 56 99 to series field-windings FF FF Itwill be understood that when the motors are converted into series motorsin the manner described a resistance might be placed-in circuit and themain barrel so arranged as to have a movement beyond the oil position,such. 'l'urther movement causing contacts on the main barrel to cut theinserted resistance out of circuit.

Having thus described the various connections and circuits that are madein operating the controller-handle from the oil position to position XIXand from position R1 to the oil position, a description will now begiven. 01' that part of the controller hereinbelore referred to as thefloating ring or rings. The construction adopted is shown in Figs. 2 and3 and 4, Fig. 2 being a plan, Fig. 15 a cross-section on the line A B ofFig. 2, and Fig. 4 a plan of the operating-arm.

102 is the vertical arbor of the main barrel oi the controller. ()11this arbor 102 is se curely fixed a sleeve 103 of insulating material,to which in turn is secured a carrier 104, that is termed at one endt.c., its lower end when in position on the sleeve 103with a flange 105and a laterally-extending operating-arm 106. Loosely mounted on thecarrier 104, so as to rest on the flange 105, is a contact-carrier 107.This contact-carrier 107 is formed with two laterally-prejecting arms108 109, that at the ends have upwardly and downwardly extending flanges110 111, to which the contacts 21 22 21 22 are secured in manner shown.The contactcarrier 107 is, as stated, loosely mounted on the carrier104, but is connected thereto in such manner that when the arbor 102 isrotated in one direction or the other the con tact-carrier 107 willremain stationary for a portion of the movement of the arbor and willthen be connected to and moved by the carrier 104. This loose connectionis effected as follows: The laterally-projecting arm 108 has a radialslot 112 formed therein, and the laterally-projecting operating-arm 106carries an upwardly-projecting pin 113, that is so placed and is of sucha size as to en ter and move in the slot 112; In operation, therefore,when the direction of rotation of the arbor is reversed it will beturned through a certain angle, depending on the length of the slot 112,before the pin comes in contact with the end of the slot, and so drivesthe contact-carrier. The contacts are so carried by their carrier thatin operating the controller in a forward direction the contacts 21 22 donot come onto the contacts R until the main barrel is moving fromposition III. When the main barrel is moved from position XIX or ratherfrom position Ri. 0., in a backward direction-the carrier remainsstationary and does not move with the main barrel until the pin comes tothe end of the slot 112, which it does when the main barrel is inposition RII. By this means the sequence of events in the forward andbackward cycles of operations is altered.

What I claim is- 1. The combination with a controller for theseries-parallel control of electric motors of the kind herein referredto, of means for inserting resistance in the armature-circuit of themotor when the motor connections are being changed from series toparallel and the motor-fields are at a maximum.

2. The combination with a controller for the series-parallel control ofelectric motors of the kind herein referred to and in which resistanceis inserted in the armature-circuit in the interval which occurs whilethe motor connections are being changed from series to parallel and viceversa, of means for inserting a greater amount of resistance in thecircuit when going into series than when going into parallel.

3. The combination with a controller for the series-parallel control ofelectric motors of the kind herein referred to whereby cycles ofoperations necessary to place the motors in parallel as compoundmachines after being in series as shunt-machines or in series asshunt-machines after being in parallel compound machines are carriedout, of means for altering the sequence of the tors in series afterbeing in parallel from that I which would be a simple reversal of thesequence used in placing the motors in parallel.

4. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcon tacts being so arranged as when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts to alter the various circuits, and when moved in one directionso arranged as first to close the shuntfield circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually, to reducethe field excitation and then to breakthe armature-circuit and remake the same but with the armatures inparallel and in series with the series fieldwindings of the motors.

5. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving con tacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as when moved rela tively to the stationarycontacts to alter the various circuits, and so arranged as, when. movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and. bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, and then tobreak the armature-circuit, to insert resistance in the armaturecircuitand to remake the armature-circuit but with the armatures in paralleland in series with th V series field-windings of the motors.

6. A controller for the series-parallel con trol of. electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said. movingcontacts being so adapted as when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts to alter the various circuits, and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, to first close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, and then tobreak the armature-circuit, to increase the strength of the shuntfieldsand remake the armature-circuit but with the armatures in parallel andin series with the series field-windings of the motors.

7. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts conchanges in the cycle used in placing themonected to various circuits, said moving con- IIO tacts being soadapted as, when moved relatively to the stationary contacts, to alterthe various circuits and so arranged as, when moved in one direction,first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring the fields up to theirmaximum excitation, then to close the arm ature-eircuit throughresistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw resistancegradually and to reduce the field excitation and then to break thearmattire-circuit, to increase the strength of the shun t-fields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit and remake the same but with thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series fieldwindings oi"the motors.

8. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors otthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits, and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the arinature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series. to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, and then. tobreak the armature-circuit, to increase the strength. of theshunt-fields, insert resistance in the armature-circuit, remake the samebut with the armati'u'es in parallel and in series with the seriesfieldwindings of the motors and then to cut out said resistance.

9. A controller for the series-parallel control ot electric motors ofthe kind herein reterred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said. movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the said circuits, and so arranged as, when moved. inone direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough. resistance with. the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistanee gradually, and to reduce the field excitation and then tobreak the armature-circuit, to increase the strength of the shuntfields,insert a resistance in the armaturecircuit, remake the same but with thearmat'ures in parallel and in series with the series field-windings ofthe motors, then to cut out said resistance and then. to reduce thestrength of the shunt-fields.

10. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric meters ofthe kind herein. reterred to, comprising a set of movable contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved rela tively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the said circuits, and so arranged as, when moved in.one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in. series, to withdraw theresistancc gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and, when moved again to break the armature-circuit andremake the same but with the armatures in series.

11. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind l'lerein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected. to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts to alter the various circuits and, when moved in one direction,so arranged as first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then. to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsot the motors and, when moved reversely to b )ak the armature-circuit,reduce the strength ot the shunt-fields and. remake the armaturecircuitbut with. the armatures in series.

12, A controller for the series-parallel control of electric meters ofthe kind. herein. referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected. to various circuits, saidv movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved rela tively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits, andv when moved in one direction so arranged as first to close the shunt field-circuit and bringthe fields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuit through resistance with the armatures in series, towithdraw the resistai'ice gradually and to reduce the field. excitation,then to place the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfield-windings ot the motors and, when moved reversely to break thearmature-circuit, insert resistance in the armattire-circuit, and remakethe same but with. the armatures in series.

13. A controller for the series-parallel control o'l electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts to alter the various circuits, and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, to ifirst close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and, when moved reversely to break the armature-circuit,reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insert resistance in thearmature-circuit and remake the same but with the armatures in series.

14. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and, when moved again to break the armature-circuit, toreduce the strength of the shunt-fields, to insert resistance in thearmature-circuit, to remake the same but with the armatures in seriesand then to cut out said resistance.

15. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcon tacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and to reduce the strength of the shunt-fields and whenmoved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, break thearmature-circuit and remake the same but with the armatures in series.

16. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving con tacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved in relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and to reduce the strength of the shunt-fields and whenmoved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, to breakthe armature-circuit, to insert resistance in the armature-circuit andto remake said circuit but with the armatures in series.

17. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the arniatures in series, to Withdraw the resistance gradually, and to reduce'the field excitation, then to place thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windings ofthe motors, and to reduce the strength of the shunt-fields and whenmoved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, break thearmature circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insertresistance in the armaturecircuit and remake the armature-circuit butwith the armatures in series.

18. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits, and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excit a tion, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually, and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and to reduce the strength of the shunt-fields and whenmoved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, break thearmaturecircuits,reduce the strength of the shuntfields and remake thearmature-circuit but with the armatures in series.

19. A controllerfor the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary cont-acts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with. the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the lield excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series held-windings ofi the motors and to reduce the strength. oi the shunt-:tields and whenmoved. reversely to in.- crease the strength of the shunt-fields, breakthe armatLire-circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt -'lields,insert resistance in the armattire-circuit, remake the same but with thearmatures in series and then to cut out said resistance.

20. A controller-for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and. aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt iield-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually, and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe arm atures in parallel and in series with the series held-windingscl the motors and, when moved reversely to break the armature circuit,reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insert resistance in thearmature-circuit, remake the same but with the armatures in. series,then to cut out said resistance and increase the shunt-field excitation.

21. A controller for the series parallel control of electric meters ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, lirst to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thelields to their maximum excitation, then toclose the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually, and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and to reduce the strength of the shunt-fields and whenmoved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, break thearmature-circuit, reduce the stren th of the shunt-fields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit, remake the same but with thearmatures in series, then to cut out said. resistance and increase theshunt-field excitation.

22. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, lirst to close the shnnt ilield-ciinnit and bring theholds to their maximum excitation, then to close the armatnro-circuilthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to redcce the "lield excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series held-windings ofthe motors and to reduce the strong h ol the shuntlields and when movedreversely to increase the strength of the slnznt-lields, break thearinature-circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt-holds, insertresistance in the armature-circuit, remake the same but with. thearmatures in series, then to cut out said resistance, increase theslrnnt lield excitation and when this is at a maximum grathially insertresistance in the armalaire-circhit.

23. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric meters ofthe kind herein rel erred to, comprising a set of moving contact s and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, lirst to close the sln1nt lield-circcil and bring the'lields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circnitthrough resistance with the armatcres in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the hold excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series held-windings olthe motors and when moved again to break the armatrre-circnit, reducethe strength olf the sh on tlields, insert resistance in thearmature-circuit, remake the same but with the armatures in series, thento out ont said resistance, increase the shunt-held excitation and whenthis is at a n'iaximrm gradually insert resistance in thearmattire-chcrit.

24. A controller for the serics-parallel con trol of electric motors olthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts (bnnected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the variot s circnits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, ilirst to close the slant lield-cirtmit and bring theholds to their maxim u m excit ation, then to close the armalure-circnitthrough resistance with the armatm'es in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the "field excitation, and then tobreak the ill'nltttlllO-Uilmill;, to increase the strength of theshunt-fields, insert a resistance in the arntatrre-circi it and toconnect up the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfield-windings and then to cut IIO out said resistance and when movedreversely to break the armature-circuits, insert resistance in thearmature-circuit and remake the same but with the armatures in series,the amount of resistance inserted in circuit when going into seriesbeing greater than that inserted in circuit when going into parallel.

25. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts.

and a set of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, saidmoving contacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to thestationary contacts, to alter the various cir cuits and so arranged as,when moved in one direction, first to close the shuntfield-circuit andbring the fields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armaturecircuit through resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to breakthe armature-circuit, to increase the strength of the shunt-fields,insert a resist ance in the armature-circuit and to connect up thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windings andthen to cut out said resistance and when moved reversely to break thearmature-circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit and remake the armature-circuit butwith the armatures in series, the amount of resistance inserted in thearma ture circuit when going into series being greater than thatinserted in circuit when going into parallel.

26. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt fieldcircuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually, and to reduce the field excitation, then to breakthe armature-circuit, to increase the strength of the shunt-fields,insert a resistance in the armature-circuit and to connect up thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series field windings andthen to cut out said resistance and when moved reversely to break thearmature-circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit, remake the same but with thearmatures in series and then to out out said resistance, the amount ofresistance inserted in the armature-circuit when going into series beinggreater than that inserted in circuit when going into parallel.

27. A controller for the series-parallel con trol of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved rela tively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to breakthe armature-circuit, to increase the strength of the shunt-fields,insert resistance in the armature-circuit and to connect up thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windings, thento cut out-said resistance and reduce the shuntfield excitation, andwhen moved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, breakthe armature circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit, remake the latter but with thearmatures in series and then to cut out said resistance, the amount ofresistance inserted in the armature-circuit when going into series beinggreater than that inserted in circuit when going into parallel.

28. A controller for the series-parallel con trol of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts con nected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved rela tively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and being so arranged as, whenmoved in one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bringthe fields to their maximum excitation, then to close thearmature-circuit through resistance with the armatures in series, towithdraw the resistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation,then to break the armature-circuit, to increase the strength of theshunt-fields, insert resistance in the armature-circuit and to connectup the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfield-windings, then to cut out said resistance and reduce theshuntfield excitation and when moved reversely to increase the strengthof the shunt-fields, break the armature-circuits, insert resistance inthe armature-circuit and remake the ar mature-circuit but with thearmatures in se ries, the amount of resistance inserted in circuit whengoing into series being greater than that inserted in circuit when goinginto parallel.

29. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to breakthe armature-circuit, to increase the strength of the shunt-fields,insert resistance in the armature-circuit and to connect up thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windings, thento cut out said resistance and reduce the shunt-field excitation andwhen moved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, breakthe armature circuits, reduce the strength of the shuntfields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit, remake the latter but with thearmatures in series, then to cut out said resistance and increase theshunt-field excitation, the amount of resistance inserted in circuitwhen going into series being greater than that inserted in circuit whengoing into parallel.

30. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when moved.in one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in. series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to breakthe armature-circuit, to increase the strength or the shunt-fields,insert resistance in the armature-circuit and to connect up thearmatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windings, thento cut out said resistance and reduce the shunt-field excitation, andwhen moved reversely to increase the strength of the shunt-fields, breakthe armature-circuits, reduce the strength of the shunt-fields, insertresistance in the armature-circuit, remake the latter but with thearmatures in series, then to cut out said resistance, increase theshunt-field excitation and when this is at a maximum gradually insertresistance in the armature-circuit, the amount of resistance inserted inthe arm aturecircuit when going into. parallel being less than thatinserted into the armature-circuit when going into. series.

31. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and. bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, and then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfield-windings and at this change of connections to close the circuitfor preventing a rush of current through the armature-coils by a changein the condition or the armature-circuit.

A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors or thekind herein re ferred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and asetof stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and. so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt fieldcircuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armaturecireuitthrough resistance with the arm atures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsof the motors and at this change of connections to close the circuit forpreventing a rush ol. current through the arm ature-coils by a change inthe condition of the armature-circuit and when the parallel connectionsare made removing the means by which such change in the condition of thearmature-circuit is brought about.

33. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set o'l moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted s, when moved relatively to the fixedcontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw saidresistance gradually and to reduce the shunt-field excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and. in series with the seriesfieldwindings and at this change of connections to close the circuit forpreventing a rush o'l current through the motor coils and windings by achange in the condition of the shunt fieldcircuit.

34. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric meters ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset or stationary contacts cenneeted to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and. so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the shunt-field excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfieldwindings and at this change of connections to close thearmature-circuit through a resist ance thus preventing rush of currentthrough the armature-coils.

35. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved rela tively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, to close first the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw the saidresistance gradually and to reduce the shuntfield excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfieldwindings of the motors and at this change of connections to insertresistance in the armature-circuit and when the parallel connections aremade removing this resistance from the armature-circuit.

36. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw the resistance gradually and to reduce the shunt-field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series fieldwindings ofthe motors and at this change of connections to insert resistance in thecircuit of the motor coils and windings and to increase the shunt-fieldstrength.

37. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw the saidresistance gradually, and to reduce the fieldexcitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsand at this change of connections to insert resistance in thearmature-circuit and to increase the shunt-field strength, thuspreventing rush of current through the motor coils and windings and whenthe parallel connections are made removing the resistance from thearmature-circuit.

38. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction to close first the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw the saidresistance gradually and to reduce the shuntfield excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfieldwindings and after the motors are placed in parallel to remake theseries connections and at this change of connections to close thecircuit for preventing the braking efiect thereby produced by a changein the condition of the armature-circuit.

39. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcon tacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontact, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when moved inone direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the shunt-field excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfieldwindings and after the motors are placed, in parallel to remake theseries connections and at this change of connections to close thecircuit for preventing the braking eiiect thereby produced by a changein the condition of the armature-circuit and when the series connectionsare made removing the means by which such change in the condition of thearmature-circuit is brought about.

40. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, lirst to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thelields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to Withdraw the said.resistance gradually and. to reduce the sh unt-liel d excitation, thento place the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfield-windings and alter the motors are placed in parallel to remake theseries connections and at this change ol" connections to close thecircuit for preventing the braking ellect thereby produced by theinsertion of resistance in the armature-circuit.

i1. A controller for the series-parallel control ol. electric meters ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits, and so arranged as, when movedin one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thelields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to withdraw the saidresistance gradually and to reduce the shuntfield excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the serieslieldwindings and after the motors are in parallel and. the movingcontacts are moved reversely to remake the series connections and atthis change of connections to close the circuit for preventing hebraking e'llect thereby produced by the insertion of resistance in thearmature-circuit and when the series connections are made removing thisresistance from the armature-circuit.

42. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said. movingcontacts being so adapted when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when moved.in one direction, first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring the'l'ields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armaturecircuitthrough resistance with the armatures in circuit, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the field excitation, then to placethe armatures in parallel and in series with the series field-windingsot the motors and alter the motors are in parallel and on reversal ofmovement to remake the series connections and at this change olconnections to alter the condition of the shunt field-circuit.

43. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric meters ofthe kind herein relerred. to, com n'ising a set of moving con tacts anda set of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingeontacts being so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarywntacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged when moved in onedirection, first to (lose the shunt lield-eircuit and bring the lieldsto their maximum excitation, then to close the armat'iu'e-cirruit withthe arr-matures in series and through resistance, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the excitation ol the shunt-lields,then to place the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfield-windings ol. the motors and alter the motors are in parallel tilHlon reversal ol movement to remake the series connections and at thischange ol mnneetioin' to reduce the excitation ol the shunt-fields.

l4, A controller tor the series-parallel control ol electric motors ol'the kind herein relerred to, comprising a set, ol' moving contacts and aset ol stationary contacts (tonnected to various circuits, said movingeontacts heing so adapted as, when moved relatively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various i irauiis end so arranged as, when movedin one dire: lion lirst to :lose the shunt lield-cirudt and bring thefields to their nniximum exctation, then to close the armaturecircuitthrough resistanfe and with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistznne gradually and to redure the shunt-held exeitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesiield-wiiuling;-; ol" the motors and alter the armatures are in paralleland on reversal of movement to remake the series connections and a tthis change of connections to insert resistance in the armature-cimuit.

A controller for the series-parallel rentrol o'l electric motors ol thekind referred to, comprising a set ol moving contacts and a set ofstation: v contacts connected to various circuits, said moving mntactsbeing so ads pled as, when moved relatively to the stationary contarts,to alter the 'arious a nits and so arranged as, when moved in onedirection. lirst to close the shunt ['ield-' ircuit and bring the lieldsto their maximum exeitat ion, then i o close the armature-cireuitthrough resistance with the armatures in series, to n ithdraw theresistance gradually and to redu: e the shuntlield ex ration, then toplate the armstures in parallel and in series w'i h the serieslieldwindings ot the motors and alter the motors are in parallel and onrever d of movement to remake the series ronneetioi s and a; this changeol conneztions to insert resistsnwe in the arrnature-circuit and redurethe shuntlield excitation.

46. A controller for the series-pzirallel control of electric motors olthe kind herein rel erred to, comprising a set ot moving eonand a olstationary contacts eonnected to various circuits, s l moving contactsbeing so :ulapted as, when moved relatively to the stationary contacts,to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when moved in onedirection first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring the fields totheir maximum excitation, then to place the armatures in parallel and inseries with the series fieldwindings of the motors and after the motorsare in parallel and on reversal of movement to remake the seriesconnection and at this change of connections to insert resistance in thearmature-circuit and when the series connections are made to remove theresistance from the armature-circuit.

47. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being so adapted as, when moved rel atively to the stationarycontacts, to alter the various circuits and so arranged as, when movedin one direction first to close the shunt field-circuit and bring thefields to their maximum excitation, then to close the armature-circuitthrough resistance and with the armatures in series, to withdraw theresistance gradually and to reduce the shuntfield excitation, then toplace the armatures in parallel and in series with the seriesfieldwindings of the motors and after the armatures are in parallel andon reversal of movement to remake the series connections and at thischange of connections to insert resistance in the armature-circuit andreduce the shunt-field excitation and when the series connections aremade to remove the resistance from the armature-circuit.

48. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being adapted when moved relatively to the stationary contactsto alter the various circuits, floating contacts loosely connected tosaid moving contacts and arranged to be moved over some of saidstationary contacts and an operating-pin for engaging and positivelydriving the floating-contacts carrier.

49. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being adapted when moved relatively to the stationary contactsto alter the various circuits and floating contacts loosely connected toand adapted to be moved along with said moving contacts and arranged tobe moved over some of said stationary contacts.

50. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein neferred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being adapted when moved relatively to the stationary contactsto alter the various circuits, and floating contacts adapted during onepart of the movement of said moving contacts to remain stationary andthen to be moved at the same time as said moving contacts over some ofsaid stationary contacts.

51. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, said movingcontacts being adapted when moved relatively to the stationary contactsto alter the various circuits, and floating contacts adapted during onepart of the movement of said moving contacts to remain stationary andthen to be connected to and moved at the same time as said movingcontacts over some of said stationary contacts.

52. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts and aset of stationary contacts connected to various circuits, saidmovingcontacts being adapted when moved relatively to the stationary contactsto alter the various circuits, and floating contacts adapted during apart of the movement ofsaid moving contacts to remain stationary andthen to be connected to and moved by said moving contacts over some ofthe said stationary contacts.

53. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein re- 'ferred to, comprising a set of stationary contactsconnected to various circuits to be controlled, a set of moving contactscarried by a main barrel and a floating ring or rings loosely connectedto said main barrel, for the purpose specified.

54. A controller for the series-parallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of stationary contactsconnected to various circuits to be controlled, a set of moving contactscarried by a main barrel and a floating ring or rings loosely mounted onsaidmain barrel for the purpose specified.

55. A controller for the series-parallel con trol of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of stationary contactsconnected to various circuits to be controlled, a set of moving contactscarried by a main barrel and a floating ring or rings loosely connectedto said main barrel and ad pted at one part of the movement of the mainbarrel to remain stationary and then to be connected therewith and movedthereby for the purpose specified.

56. A controller for the series-p arallel control of electric motors ofthe kind herein referred to, comprising a set of moving contacts

